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23 or 24 July 1846. Concord, Mass.

Samuel Staples, the village jailer, jails Thoreau for refusing to pay his poll tax after several warnings. Thoreau will not pay because he feels that the tax supports slavery. Thoreau spends the night in jail although someone, probably his Aunt Maria, paid his taxes.

(Thoreau’s Incarceration, 99-100)

Thoreau writes in “Resistance to Civil Government:”

  I have paid no poll-tax for six years. I was put into a jail once on this account, for one night; and, as I stood considering the walls of solid stone, two or three feet thick, the door of wood and iron, a foot thick, and the iron grating which strained the light, I could not help being struck with the foolishness of that institution which treated me as if I were mere flesh and blood and bones, to be locked up. I wondered that it should have concluded at length that this was the best use it could put me to, and had never thought to avail itself of my services in some way. I saw that, if there was a wall of stone between me and my townsmen, there was a still more difficult one to climb or break through, before they could get to be as free as I was. I did not for a moment feel confined, and the walls seemed a great waste of stone and mortar. I felt as if I alone of all my townsmen had paid my tax. They plainly did not know how to treat me, but behaved like persons who are underbred. In every threat and in every compliment there was a blunder; for they thought that my chief desire was to stand the other side of that stone wall. I could not but smile to see how industriously they locked the door on my meditations, which followed them out again without let or hinderance, and they were really all that was dangerous. As they could not reach me, they had resolved to punish my body; just as boys, if they cannot come at some person against whom they have a spite, will abuse his dog. I saw that the State was halfwitted, that it was timid as a lone woman with her silver spoons, and that it did not know its friends from its foes, and I lost all my remaining respect for it, and pitied it.
(“Resistance to Civil Government”)
23 September 1838. Concord, Mass.

Thoreau writes in his journal:

  If we will be quiet and ready enough, we shall find compensation in every disappointment (Journal, 1:60).
23 September 1852. Concord, Mass.

Thoreau writes in his journal:

  P.M.—Round by Clematis Brook.

  The forget-me-not still. I observe the rounded tops of the dogwood bushes, scarlet in the distance, on the edge of the meadow (Hubbard’s), more full and bright than any flower . . .

(Journal, 4:360-362)
23 September 1853. Maine.

Thoreau writes in his journal:

  Walked down the riverside this forenoon to the hill where they were using a steam-shovel at the new railroad cut, and thence to a hill three quarters of a mile further . . . I returned across the fields behind the town, and over the highest hill behind Bangor, and up the Kenduskieg, form which I saw the Ebeeme Mountains in the northwest and hills we had come by . . .
(Journal, 5:432)
23 September 1854.

Concord, Mass. Thoreau writes in his journal:

  P.M.—To Great Meadows via Gowing’s Swamp.

  I was struck with the peculiar and interesting colors of the naked arms of the buttonwood at the brick house, delicate tints seen from the ground,—whitish, greenish, and fawn-colored (?). They look as if recently bared by the scaling off of the old bark. The buttonwoods are in a flourishing condition thus year . . .

(Journal, 7:51-53)

Plymouth, Mass. A. Bronson Alcott writes in his journal:

  J. [James] Spooner, postmaster’s son, is at Hillside, and I read him the criticism on Thoreau from my MSS., and other things. Spooner is a hearty admirer of Thoreau and visits him soon.
(A. Bronson Alcott: His Life and Philosophy, 2:482)

San Francisco, Cali. Walden is reviewed in the Daily Alta California.

23 September 1855. Concord, Mass.

Thoreau writes in his journal:

  8 P.M.—I hear from my chamber a screech owl about Monroe’s house this bright moonlight night . . . A little wren-like (or female goldfinch) bird on a willow at Hubbard’s Causeway, eating a miller . . . (Journal, 7:457-458).

New Bedford, Mass. Daniel Ricketson writes to Thoreau:

Dear Thoreau,—

  Here am I at home again seated in my Shanty. My mind is constantly reverting to the pleasant little visit I made you, and so I thought I would sit down and write you.

  I regret exceedingly that I was so interrupted in my enjoyment while at Concord by my “aches and pains.” My head troubled me until I had to go within about 20 miles of home, when the pain passed off and my spirits began to revive. I hope that your walks, &c, with me will not harm you and that you will soon regain your usual health and strength, which I trust the cooler weather will favor; would advise you not to doctor, but just use your own good sense. I should have insisted more on your coming on with me had I not felt so ill and in such actual pain the day I left—but I want you to come before the weather gets uncomfortably cool. I feel much your debtor, for through you and your Walden I have found my hopes and strength in those matters which I had before found none to sympathize with. You have more than any other to me discovered the true secret of living comfortably in this world, and I hope more and more be able to put into practice, in the meantime you will be able to extend your pity and charity. You are the only “millionaire” among my acquaintances. I have heard of people being “independently rich,” but you are the only one I have ever had the honor of knowing.

  How charming you, Channing, and I dovetailed together! Few men smoke such pipes as we did—the real Calumet—the tobacco that we smoked was free labor produce. I haven’t lost sight of Solon Hosmer, the wisest looking man in Concord, and the real “feelosopher”! I want you to see him and tell him not to take down the old house, where the feelosofers met. I think I should like to have the large chamber, for an occasional sojourn to Concord, It might me easily tinkered up so as to be a comfortable roost for a feelosopher—a few old chairs, a table, bed &c, would be all—sufficient, then you and C. could come over in your punt and rusticate. What think of it? In the mean time come down to Brooklawn, and look about with me. As you are a little under the weather, we will make our peregrinations with horse and wagon.

  With much regard to Channing and my kind remembrances to your parents and sister, I remain,

  Yours very truly
  D’l Ricketson

(The Correspondence of Henry David Thoreau, 382-383)

Thoreau replies 27 September.

23 September 1856. Concord, Mass.

Thoreau writes in his journal:

  Rainy day (Journal, 9:89).

Thoreau writes to Daniel Ricketson:

Friend Ricketson,

  I have returned from New Hampshire, and find myself in statu quo. My journey proved one of business purely. As you suspected, I saw Alcott, and I spoke to him of you, and your good will toward him; so now you may consider yourself introduced. He would be glad to hear from you about a conversation in New Bedford. He was about setting out on a conversing tour to Fitchburg, Worcester, & 3 or 4 weeks hence Waterbury Ct, New York, Newport (?) & Providence (?). You may be sure that you will not have occasion to repent of any exertions which you may make to secure an audience for him. I send you one of his programmes, lest he should not have done so himself.

  I am sorry to hear so poor an account of C[hanning]. Perhaps he will turn up & show his better side again.

  You propose to me teaching the following winter. I find that I cannot entertain the idea. It would require such a revolution of all my habits I think, as would sap the very foundation of me. I am engaged to Concord & my vein private pursuits by 10,000 ties & it would be suicide to cut them. If I were weaker, & not somewhat stronger physically, I should be more tempted. I am so busy that I cannot even think of visiting you. The days are not long enough or I am strong enough to do the work of the day before bed-time

  Excuse my paper. It chances to be the best I have.

  Yrs
  Henry D. Thoreau

(The Correspondence of Henry David Thoreau, 432-433)
23 September 1857. Concord, Mass.

Thoreau writes in his journal:

  The Ripley beeches have been cut. I can’t find them. There is one large one, apparently on Baker’s land, about two feet in diameter near the ground, but fruit hollow. I see yellow pine-sap, in the woods just cast of where the beeches used to stand . . .
(Journal, 10:39)
23 September 1858. Gloucester, Mass.

Thoreau writes in his journal:

  We kept along the road to Rockport, some two miles or more, to a “thundering big ledge” by the road, as a man called it . . .

  We then set out to find our way to Gloucester over the hills, and saw the comet very bright in the northwest. After going astray a little in the moonlight, we fell into a road which at length conducted us to the town . . .

(Journal, 11:176-180)
23 September 1859. Concord, Mass.

Thoreau writes in his journal:

  11 A.M.—River risen about fourteen inches above lowest this year . . . (Journal, 12:342-343).

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