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23 August 1861. New Bedford, Mass.

Daniel Ricketson writes in his journal:

  Rode this P.M. to Sassaquin Pond with Thoreau, walked round from the north end, where we left our horse and wagon (Billy and old buggy wagon). T. found one or more plants new to him, at least rare. I bathed in a little cove on the west shore, a mild, pleasant afternoon. Home by 6 ½.
(Daniel Ricketson and His Friends, 318-319)
23 December 1837. Concord, Mass.

Thoreau writes in his journal:

  Crossed the river to-day on the ice. Though the weather is raw and wintry and the ground covered with snow, I noticed a solitary robin, who looked as if he needed to have his services to the Babes in the Woods speedily requited.

  In the side of the high bank by the Leaning Hemlocks, there were some curious crystallizations. Wherever the water, or other causes, had formed a hole in the bank, its throat and outer edge, like the entrance to a citadel of the olden time, bristled with a glistening ice armor. In one place you might see minute ostrich feathers, which seemed the waving plumes of the warriors filing into the fortress, in another the glancing fan-shaped banners of the Lilliputian host, and in another the needle-shaped particles, collected into bundles resembling the plumes of the pine, might pass for a phalanx of spears. The whole hill was like an immense quartz rock, with minute crystals sparkling form innumerable crannies. I tried to fancy that there was a disposition in these crystallizations to take the forms of the contiguous foliage.

(Journal, 1:21-22)
23 December 1838. Concord, Mass.
Thoreau writes his poems “Return of Spring” and “Cupid Wounded” in his journal:

CUPID WOUNDED
Love once among roses
A sleeping bcc
Did not see, but was stung;
And, being wounded in the finger
Of his hand, cried for pain.
Running as well as flying
To the beautiful Venus,
I am killed, mother, said he,
I am killed, and I die.
A little serpent has stung me,
Winged, which they call
A bee,—the husbandmen.
And she said, If the sting
Of a bee afflicts you,
How, think you, are they afflicted,
Love, whom you smite?
(Journal, 1:69-70)
23 December 1841. Concord, Mass.

Thoreau writes in his journal:

  The best man’s spirit makes a fearful sprite to haunt his tomb. The ghost of a priest is no better than that of a highwayman. It is pleasant to hear of one who has blest whole regions after his death by having frequented them while alive, who has prophaned or tabooed no place by being buried in it.
(Journal, 1: 298-299)
23 December 1845. Walden Pond.

Thoreau writes in his journal:

  The pond froze over last night entirely for the first time, yet so as not to be safe to walk upon (Journal, 1:395).
23 December 1848.

Gloucester, Mass. Thoreau’s lecture of 20 December is reviewed in the Gloucester Telegraph:

  The lecture before our Lyceum on Wednesday evening last was rather a unique performance. Mr. Thoreau announced it as the first of a series which he had prepared upon the life of a student, and might well be styled—Economy. He apologized for the seeming egotism which would appear. It was commonly the custom for the “I” to be omitted. In this lecture the difference would be that the “I” would be inserted. He was to brag—brag for himself—brag for humanity. Perhaps the lecture would not be exactly suitable for a Gloucester audience, as it may have been prepared chiefly with regard to another locality. We thought so, too, when he gravely informed us that there were probably many present who were in debt for some of their dinners and clothes, and were then and there cheating their creditors out of an hour of borrowed time. If such were the case, we can only regret that any patrons of the Gloucester Lyceum are of that complexion. The lecturer gave a strange account of the state of affairs at Concord. In the shops and offices were large numbers of human beings suffering tortures to which those of the Brahmins are mere pastimes. We cannot say whether this was in jest or in earnest. If a joke, it was a most excruciating one—if true, the attention of the Home Missionary Society should be directed to that quarter forthwith.Mr. Thoreau then gave a minute account of his experience as a house builder and house keeper . . . From the details which he gave of indoor life, we should suppose that his housekeeping was in rather a primitive style . . .

  We believe that concerning this lecture there are various opinions in the community. With all deference to the sagacity of those who can see a good deal when there is little to be seen—hear much where there is hardly anything to be heard—perceive a wonderful depth of meaning where in fact nothing is really meant, we would take the liberty of expressing the opinion that a certain ingredient to a good lecture was, in some instances, wanting.

(Studies in the American Revolution, 1995, 162)

Thoreau’s lecture of 20 December is reviewed in the Gloucester News and Semi-Weekly Messenger:

LYCEUM.

The lecture on Wednesday evening was delivered by Henry S. Thoreau of Concord, as he announced, on the subject of economy. We conceived his object to be an attempt to prove that there is no necessity for mankind to labor but a small portion of their time, to earn the necessaries of life; and to show how their moral, intellectual and physical condition may be improved. In his introduction, which was somewhat long, he attacked with keen but good natured sarcasm, the customs and fashions of the present age, and ridiculed with much force the folly of men, who voluntarily undertake labors more than Herculean, and absolutely interminable, in pursuit of an object that can be attained with comparatively little cost and exertion. To illustrate his theory, he gave a humorous account of his doings, during a period of more than two years, spent in seclusion, on the shores of a pond in Concord. This sketch of a hermit’s life was highly entertaining, being interspersed with beautiful descriptions of natural scenery, well told anecdotes, many philosophical digressions, and quaint sentiments He proved by his experiment that a man can build a house with his own hands, in a few months, that will afford him all the shelter, warmth and comfort a mortal actually needs, at an expense of only about twenty-five or thirty dollars; that good, wholesome food, sufficient for one hermit can be procured for four cents a week; that to pay all the needful expenses of such a life, it is necessary to labor only six weeks in a year. The remainder of his time may be devoted to reading, and the development of his moral and intellectual nature. We would not object to live on Mr. Thoreau’s plan a year or two, but in the present state of society, its general adoption would be rather impracticable, had men a taste for it; but only the ardent devoted lover of nature could endure it three weeks. Mr. Thoreau and a few other men in the world, can despise the pleasures of society, worship God out doors in old clothes, can hear his voice in the whistling or gently sighing wind, and read eloquent sermons from the springing flowers; but the great mass of men do, and, will always laugh at such pursuits.

The lecturer’s remarks on the actual cost of living, were not at all startling, there are, we have been often told, families of eight or ten souls in this town, who live a year on one hundred and fifty dollars, which falls considerably within Mr. T.’s estimate. We were pleased with his observations on philanthropy; doing good, he said, does not agree with his constitution; and if he should see a man coming towards his house with such intentions towards himself, he would run for his life. There are many people in this world whose spiritual constitutions seem to lack all the elements of good, and when they undertake to be philanthropic, if they do not burn buildings in heaven and make deserts on earth, or commit any other havoc, ascribed to Phaethon by Mr. Thoreau, and not mentioned in Ovid, they scorch the souls of the hapless victims of their charity, and exert an influence fatal as the Sirce, on whatever they approach.

Mr. Thoreau’s lecture certainly lacked system, and some of his flights were rather too lofty for the audience; but in originality of thought, force of expression, and flow of genuine humor, he has few equals. His frequent and apposite classical allusions allowed that he is well versed in ancient lore, and possesses a retentive memory. His style and enunciation alternately dwelling on, and jerking out his words—are decidedly Emersonian, and it is evident that in this respect, he is an imitator; a consideration which always detracts much from the force of genius: the affectation of another’s style creates in the mind feelings akin to those which arise on beholding an ambitious urchin dressed in his father’s coat and boots. We guess Mr. Thoreau often relieved the “tedium” of his secluded life by frequent intercourse with his neighbor, Mr. [Ralph Waldo] Emerson. Some of the lecturer’s Latin Antitheses, and quaint puns, we fear, were not exactly appreciated; and many local allusions might have been omitted, having no interest of a Gloucester audience.

On the whole, though the lecture was entertaining and original, it was not calculated to do much good, and we think may be considered rather a literary curiosity, than a practical dissertation on economy.

(Studies in the American Renaissance, 1995, 162-164)

Salem, Mass. The Salem Observer notes:

H. S. Thoreau lectured in Gloucester on Wednesday evening (Studies in the American Renaissance, 1995, 164).
23 December 1850. Concord, Mass.

Thoreau writes in his journal:

  There is not much passing on railroads. The engineer says it is three feet deep above. Walden is frozen, one third of it, though I thought it was all frozen as I stood on the shore on one side only (Journal, 2:128-129).
23 December 1851. Concord, Mass.

Thoreau writes in his journal:

  This morning, when I woke, I found it snowing, the snow fine and driving almost horizontally, as if it had set in for a long storm, but a little after noon it ceased snowing and began to clear up, and I set forth for a walk . . .

  By half past three the sun is fairly out. I go to the Cliffs . . .

  Now all the clouds grow black, and I give up to-night; but unexpectedly, half an hour later when I look out, having got home, I find that the evening star is shining brightly, and, beneath all, the west horizon is glowing red,—that dun atmosphere instead of clouds reflecting the sun,—and I detect, just above the horizon, the narrowest imaginable white sickle of the new moon.

(Journal, 3:150-153)
23 December 1855. Concord, Mass.

Thoreau writes in his journal:

  P.M.—To Conantum-End.

  A very bright and pleasant day with remarkably soft wind from a little north of west. The frost has come out so in the rain of yesterchty that I avoid the muddy plowed fields and keep on the grass ground, which shines with moisture. I think I do not remember such and so much pleasant, springlike weather as this and some other days of this month . . .

  Think of the life of a kitten, ours for instance: last night her eyes set in a fit, doubtful if she will ever come out of it, and she is set away in a basket and submitted to the recuperative powers of nature; this morning running up the clothes-pole and erecting her back in frisky sport to every passer.

(Journal, 8:57-60)
23 December 1856. Concord, Mass.

Thoreau writes in his journal:

  Some savage tribes must share the experience of the lower animals in their relation to man. With what thoughts must the Esquimau manufacture his knife from the rusty hoop of a cask drifted to his shores, not a natural but an artificial product, the work of man’s hands . . .

  P.M.—Surveying for Cyrus Jarvis.

  Snows more or less all day, making an inch or two.

(Journal, 9:194-195)

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